Passive Voice
Áóñäààð ¿éëäýãäýõ õýâ / Èäýâõèã¿é õýâ/
(to be + Past Participle )
Changing
from Active into Passive
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Active
|
subject
|
verb
|
object
|
|
Kim
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baked
|
a cake.
|
|
|
Passive
|
subject
|
verb
|
agent
|
|
A cake
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was baked
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by Kim.
|
|
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Active voice
Èäýâõòýé
õýâ/ Ýçýí áèåòýé /
|
Passive voice
Èäýâõèã¿é
õýâ /Ýçýí áèåã¿é /
|
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Present Simple
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She cleans the house.
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The house is cleaned.
|
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Past Simple
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She cleaned the house.
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The house was cleaned.
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Present Perfect Simple
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She has cleaned the house.
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The house has been cleaned.
|
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Future Simple
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She will clean the house.
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The house will be cleaned.
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Modal verb
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She must clean the house.
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The house must be cleaned.
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Use:
We
use the passive when we want to show that the action of the verb is more
important than the person who carries out the action. ( Passive – èäýâõèã¿é
õýëáýðèéã ¿éëèéí ýçýí áèø õàðèí ¿éëèéã
÷óõàë ãýæ ¿çñýí ¿åä õýðýãëýíý).
|
|
Active
voice
Èäýâõòýé õýâ/ Ýçýí
áèåòýé /
|
Passive
voice
Èäýâõã¿é õýâ / Ýçýí
áèåã¿é /
|
|
Present Simple
|
The policeman arrests the robber.
Öàãäàà õóëãàé÷
õ¿íèéã áàðèâ÷èëäàã.
|
The
robber is arrested by the
policeman.
Õóëãàé÷
áàðèâ÷ëàãääàã.
|
|
Past Simple
|
The policeman arrested the robber.
Öàãäàà õóëãàé÷ûã
áàðèâ÷èëñàí.
|
The
robber was arrested by the
policeman.
Õóëãàé÷
áàðèâëàãäñàí.
|
|
Present Perfect
Simple
|
The policeman has arrested the robber.
Öàãäàà õóëãàé÷ûã
áàðèâ÷èë÷èõñàí.
|
The
robber has been arrested by the
policeman.
Õóëãàé÷
áàðèâ÷ëàãä÷èõààä áàéíà.
|
|
Future Simple
|
The policeman will arrest the robber.
Öàãäàà õóëãàé÷ûã
áàðèâ÷èëíà.
|
The
robber will be arrested by the
policeman. Õóëãàé÷ áàðèâ÷ëàãäàíà.
|
|
Modal verb
|
The policeman must arrest the robber.
Öàãäàà õóëãàé÷ûã áàðèâ÷ëàõ
¸ñòîé.
|
The
robber must be arrested by the
policeman. Õóëãàé÷ áàðèâ÷ëàãäàõ ¸ñòîé.
|
Question form
We form questions by putting the
verb to be before the subject.
For example: Was the car made in Japan? -
Ìàøèí
ßïîíä ¿éëäâýðëýãäñýí ¿¿?
When was
the museum built? – Ìóçåé õýäýí îíä áàðèãäñàí áý?
When
will the new gallery be opened? – Øèíý óðàí çóðãèéí ãàëåðåé õýçýý íýýãäýõ âý?
What
was the Eiffel Tower made of? – Ýéôëèéí öàìõàã þóãààð õèéãäñýí áý?
It
was made of iron. – Ãàí òºìðººð õèéãäñýí.
Passive Voice
Áóñäààð ¿éëäýãäýõ õýâ / Èäýâõèã¿é õýâ/
Practice
Complete each sentence using the word
in bold, as in the example.
- Steven Spielberg directed the film “ET”. by
“ET” was
directed by Steven Spielberg.
- The Russians launched Sputnik 1 in 1957. was
……………………………………………………………..
- Millions of tourists visit London every year. visited
……………………………………………………………..
- They must repair the chapel immediately. repaired
……………………………………………………………..
- The Queen will open the new gallery on Friday. be
……………………………………………………………..
- They have redecorated the museum. been
……………………………………………………………..
- Fleming didn’t invent the TV. Invented
……………………………………………………………..
Put the verbs into
the correct passive tense.
The
Louvre is the national museum and art gallery of France. In 1546, work on the
Louvre …………….. ( start) by King Francis I. The Louvre ………………. ( use) as a royal
palace until 1682. It ……………. (open) to the public as a museum and art gallery
in 1793.
Today
many of the world’s most famous paintings ……………..( keep) in the Louvre, as well
as sculptures, jewellery and other forms of art. It ………………. (visit) by millions
of people every year.
Ask and answer the questions using the
prompts.
- when/ work/ the Louvre/ start?
A: When was work on the Louvre started?
B: Work on the Louvre was started in
1546.
- what/ it/ use as/ until 1682?
- When/ the Louvre/ open/ to the public?
- What/ keep/ in the Louvre?
- How many people/ it/ visit every year?
In
pairs, ask and answer questions, then talk about each place, as in the example.
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Name; Eiffel Tower, Paris, France
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Name; Parthenon, Athens, Greece
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Designer: Gustave Eiffel
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Designer: Ictinus and Callicrates
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Completed: 1889
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Completed: 432 BC
|
|
Material: iron
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Material: marble
|
|
Built as: memorial to the French Revolution
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Built as: temple of goddess Athena
|
A: Where is the
Eiffel Tower located?
B: It is located in
Paris, France. Who was it designed by?
A: It was designed by
Gustave Eiffel. When
was it completed?
B: It was completed
in 1889. What is it made of?
A: It is made of
iron. Why was it built?
B: It was built as a
memorial to the French Revolution.
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